Author name: Dr Vijay Jagdish Jagad

Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery: A Minimally Invasive Breakthrough in Oncologic Care Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery: A Minimally Invasive Breakthrough in Oncologic Care- by Dr. Vijay Jagad Updated On: 9. May 2025 Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery, also known as keyhole surgery or minimally invasive surgery, is a method for the extirpation of cancer from the abdomen and thorax. This approach offers several advantages, including reduced postoperative pain, shorter recovery times, and smaller incisions compared to traditional open surgery. Similarly, laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the gold standard for treating gallbladder-related diseases. Since its introduction in the late 1980s, it has largely replaced open cholecystectomy due to its minimally invasive nature, leading to quicker recovery and fewer complications. Furthermore, large-scale trials such as the COLOR II and COST studies have demonstrated that laparoscopic colorectal surgery is a standard approach for treating colon and rectal tumors. These trials have shown that laparoscopic techniques offer outcomes comparable to open surgery, with benefits like reduced blood loss and faster recovery times. Proven Effectiveness in Cancer Treatment One of the most well-known laparoscopic procedures is laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which has become the gold standard for treating gallbladder-related diseases. Encouraged by its success, many international clinical trials, including COLOR II and COST, have validated the use of laparoscopic colorectal surgery for colon and rectal cancers. Consequently, these studies have demonstrated that laparoscopic surgery is as safe and effective as open surgery, with added benefits for patient recovery. Advantages of laparoscopic surgery: 1. During laparoscopic surgery we also peritoneoscopy to look for operability, so this helps us for staging.2. ⁠laparoscopic surgery uses small 1 cm size incision so it is less painfull and patient needs less post operative painkillers.3. ⁠Recovery of patients after laparoscopic surgery is faster and discharge from from hospital is early.4. ⁠Cosmetically laparoscopic surgery is better than open surgery.5. ⁠Every cancer patient needs postoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy and tolerance to these toxic treatments is superior in patients who have undergone laparoscopic surgery.Laparoscopic approach has been used for almost all cancer of abdomen. Versatility Across Abdominal Cancers Today, the laparoscopic approach is used for a wide range of abdominal cancers, including but not limited to: Colorectal cancer Gastric (stomach) cancer Pancreatic cancer Liver cancer Adrenal tumors Its application continues to expand as surgeons gain more expertise and technology continues to evolve. Conclusion Laparoscopic cancer surgery represents a major step forward in the treatment of abdominal and thoracic malignancies. By combining safety, precision, and patient comfort, this minimally invasive technique is quickly becoming the preferred choice for cancer surgeries worldwide. With shorter hospital stays, reduced pain, quicker recovery, and better cosmetic results, laparoscopic surgery offers both clinical and quality-of-life benefits for patients fighting cancer. Leave a Reply Cancel Reply Logged in as Dr Vijay Jagdish Jagad. Edit your profile. Log out? Required fields are marked * Message* You May Also Like Early signs of thyroid cancer Early signs of thyroid cancer • April 8, 2025 • Blog Early signs of thyroid cancer- by Dr. Vijay Jagad Early signs of thyroid cancer- by … Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis • April 8, 2025 • Blog Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis Updated … What are the Symptoms and Causes of Bladder Cancer? What are the Symptoms and Causes of Bladder Cancer? • April 8, 2025 • Blog What are the Symptoms and Causes of Bladder Cancer? What are the Symptoms and Causes …

Early signs of thyroid cancer- by Dr. Vijay Jagad Early signs of thyroid cancer- by Dr. Vijay Jagad Updated On: 6. May 2025 Thyroid cancer is relatively rare, but its prevalence is increasing. The thyroid gland, located at the base of the neck, is responsible for producing hormones that regulate metabolism. While most thyroid nodules are benign, a small percentage can be cancerous. Understanding the early signs and symptoms of thyroid cancer is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment. Understanding the Thyroid and Its Functions The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped organ located at the front of the neck. It plays a vital role in regulating the body’s metabolism, energy production, and overall hormonal balance. The gland produces two main hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which influence various bodily functions, including heart rate, temperature regulation, and growth. Thyroid cancer occurs when the cells in the thyroid gland begin to grow uncontrollably. While the exact cause of thyroid cancer is unknown, certain risk factors, such as family history and exposure to radiation, can increase an individual’s likelihood of developing the disease. Risk Factors and Causes Several factors may increase the risk of developing thyroid cancer, including: A family history of thyroid cancer or other thyroid conditions Exposure to high levels of radiation, especially during childhood Certain genetic conditions such as familial medullary thyroid cancer or multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) Being female, as thyroid cancer occurs more frequently in women Age (most cases are diagnosed in people between 30 and 60) Any history of long-standing thyroid swelling or previous radiation exposure to the neck can also increase the risk of thyroid cancer These factors do not guarantee the development of thyroid cancer but may raise the level of risk and highlight the importance of regular check-ups if you’re in a higher-risk group. Early Signs and Symptoms of Thyroid Cancer Recognizing the early signs and symptoms of thyroid cancer is crucial for prompt diagnosis and treatment. Although many people with thyroid cancer do not experience any noticeable symptoms in the early stages, some common signs to watch for include: A noticeable lump or nodule in the neck The most common symptom of thyroid cancer is the presence of a lump or nodule in the thyroid gland, which is located at the base of the neck. This lump may be small and painless, making it difficult to detect in the early stages. However, as the tumor grows, it may become more prominent and cause visible swelling. It’s important to note that not all thyroid nodules are cancerous; in fact, the majority are benign. However, if you notice a new lump or a change in an existing nodule, it’s essential to consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation. They may perform a physical examination and recommend imaging tests, such as an ultrasound, to determine the nature of the lump. Changes in voice or difficulty swallowing As thyroid cancer progresses, it can affect nearby structures in the neck, leading to changes in voice or difficulty swallowing. These symptoms may occur if the tumor compresses the nerves that control the vocal cords or the esophagus, which is responsible for transporting food from the mouth to the stomach. If you experience hoarseness, a persistent cough, or difficulty swallowing that lasts for more than a couple of weeks, it’s important to seek medical attention. These symptoms can also be indicative of other conditions, such as a respiratory infection or allergies, but they should not be ignored, especially if accompanied by a noticeable lump in the neck. Swollen lymph nodes Swollen lymph nodes in the neck may indicate that thyroid cancer has spread beyond the thyroid gland. Lymph nodes are small, bean-shaped structures that play a key role in the body’s immune system. They can become enlarged for various reasons, including infections or inflammation. If you notice swollen lymph nodes in your neck that persist or continue to grow over time, it’s essential to consult a healthcare professional. They can perform a thorough examination and order additional tests, such as a biopsy, to determine the cause of the swelling and whether it is related to thyroid cancer or another condition. Other potential symptoms In some cases, thyroid cancer may present with additional symptoms, such as: Pain in the neck or throat: Some individuals may experience discomfort or pain in the neck or throat area as the tumor grows and exerts pressure on surrounding tissues. Difficulty breathing: If the tumor compresses the windpipe (trachea), it may cause difficulty breathing or a sensation of tightness in the throat. Unexplained weight changes: Unintended weight loss or gain may occur due to hormonal imbalances caused by thyroid cancer, although these changes are often more pronounced in other thyroid disorders. If you experience any of these symptoms, especially in conjunction with a lump in the neck or swollen lymph nodes, it’s important to consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation. Risk Factors for Developing Thyroid Cancer While the exact cause of thyroid cancer is unknown, several risk factors have been identified that may increase the likelihood of developing the disease. Understanding these risk factors can help individuals take proactive steps to reduce their risk and promote early detection. Family history and genetics A family history of thyroid cancer or certain genetic syndromes can increase an individual’s risk of developing the disease. For example, individuals with a family history of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) syndrome, familial medullary thyroid carcinoma (FMTC), or certain genetic mutations (such as the RET gene) may be at higher risk. If you have a family history of thyroid cancer or related genetic syndromes, it’s important to discuss this with your healthcare provider. They may recommend genetic testing and increased surveillance to monitor for signs of thyroid cancer. Conclusion Understanding the early signs of thyroid cancer and being aware of risk factors can empower individuals to take proactive measures for their thyroid health. By recognizing symptoms such as lumps in the neck, changes in voice, and swollen lymph nodes, individuals can

Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis Updated On: 9. May 2025 Colon cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, affects the large intestine, the lower part of the digestive system. Due to its prevalence and potentially serious consequences, it’s essential for everyone to understand its causes, symptoms, and prevention strategies. What is Colon Cancer? Colon cancer begins as small, noncancerous clumps of cells known as polyps, which can develop into cancer over time. These polyps often remain small and produce few, if any, symptoms. Therefore, doctors recommend regular screening tests to help prevent colon cancer by identifying and removing polyps before they become cancerous. Symptoms Early on, most people with colon cancer don’t have symptoms. When symptoms do appear, they can vary depending on the cancer’s size and location in the large intestine. The common symptoms include: A persistent change in bowel habits, including diarrhea or constipation or a change in the consistency of your stool Rectal bleeding or blood in your stool Persistent abdominal discomfort, such as cramps, gas, or pain Weakness or fatigue Unexplained weight loss These symptoms can be caused by conditions other than cancer, but it’s important to have them checked by a doctor to determine the cause. Who is Affected by Colon Cancer? It can affect both men and women at any age; however, the risk increases after the age of 50. Individuals with a family history of colon cancer or a personal history of inflammatory bowel diseases, such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease, face a higher risk. Moreover, genetic syndromes like Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) significantly elevate the likelihood of developing colon cancer. Screening vs Diagnosis Doctors typically perform screening tests when individuals do not exhibit symptoms, aiming to detect colon cancer at an early stage when treatment is most likely to be effective. Conversely, clinicians use diagnostic tests when a person presents symptoms or when a screening test result indicates that cancer might be present. Commonly used screening and diagnostic tests include colonoscopy, fecal immunochemical tests, and digital rectal exams. Therefore, healthcare professionals recommend undergoing a colonoscopy every 10 years starting at age 50, as colon cancer frequently occurs after that age. Causes and Risk Factors The risk for colon cancer is multifactorial, influenced by genetics, diet, lifestyle, and certain health conditions. Some known risk factors for colon cancer include: Age: More than 90% of colon cancers are diagnosed in individuals over 50. Personal or Family History: If you or a close relative have had colon cancer or polyps, your risk of developing the disease may be higher. Inflammatory Intestinal Conditions: Long-standing inflammation in the colon, such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease, can increase your risk. Lifestyle Factors: Such as sedentary lifestyle, a low-fiber, and high-fat diet, heavy alcohol consumption, and tobacco use. Diabetes: A diagnosis of diabetes or insulin resistance. Understanding these risk factors can help in assessing an individual’s risk and taking steps to lower it. How is it Diagnosed? Early diagnosis of colon cancer can greatly increase the chances of successful treatment and recovery. The gold standard for diagnosis is a colonoscopy, a test that allows the doctor to look at the inner lining of the colon. Colonoscopy Procedure During a colonoscopy, a long, flexible tube (colonoscope) is inserted into the rectum. It contains a tiny video camera at the tip. The patient is typically sedated for comfort during the procedure. The doctor can then view images of the colon on a monitor. If polyps are found, they can be removed and tested for cancer during the same procedure. Other Diagnostic Tests If a colonoscopy indicates cancer, the doctor may order further testing to determine the extent (stage) of the cancer. This might include imaging tests such as CT scan, MRI, PET scan, Chest x-rays, or blood tests. Conclusion Colon cancer is a serious and potentially fatal disease, but with early detection and proper treatment, many people can be cured. By knowing the risk factors, recognizing the symptoms, and undergoing regular screenings, individuals can significantly reduce their risk. Those diagnosed with colon cancer have several treatment options, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. It’s crucial to talk with your doctor about the best treatment for you and develop a plan that fits your specific medical needs and personal preferences. Leave a Reply Cancel Reply Logged in as Dr Vijay Jagdish Jagad. Edit your profile. Log out? Required fields are marked * Message* You May Also Like Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery: A Minimally Invasive Breakthrough in Oncologic Care Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery: A Minimally Invasive Breakthrough in Oncologic Care • April 24, 2025 • Blog Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery: A Minimally Invasive Breakthrough in Oncologic Care Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery: A Minimally … Early signs of thyroid cancer Early signs of thyroid cancer • April 8, 2025 • Blog Early signs of thyroid cancer- by Dr. Vijay Jagad Early signs of thyroid cancer- by … What are the Symptoms and Causes of Bladder Cancer? What are the Symptoms and Causes of Bladder Cancer? • April 8, 2025 • Blog What are the Symptoms and Causes of Bladder Cancer? What are the Symptoms and Causes …

What are the Symptoms and Causes of Bladder Cancer? What are the Symptoms and Causes of Bladder Cancer? Updated On: 6. May 2025 What is Bladder Cancer? Bladder cancer is a type of cancer that arises from the cells that line the bladder. These cells can become abnormal and start to grow, leading to the development of bladder cancer. If you notice any changes in your bladder or if it feels more painful than usual, it’s important to see a doctor as soon as possible. Bladder cancer is cancer that develops from the cells that line the bladder. It is the most common type of cancer in men. The average age at which bladder cancer is diagnosed is about 75 years old. Bladder cancer is a type of cancer that affects the bladder. It can be a very serious condition, and if not treated quickly, it can lead to death. There are many symptoms of urinary bladder cancer, and if you are concerned about your health, you should see a doctor about it. Symptoms of Bladder Cancer The classical symptom of bladder cancer is painless hematuria (blood in the urine). Other symptoms may include: Increased frequency of urination Urinary obstruction caused by clots or a growing tumor inside the bladder Most Common Types of Bladder Cancer The most common type is Transitional Cell Carcinoma (also called Urothelial Carcinoma). Less common types include: Squamous Cell Carcinoma Adenocarcinoma How to detect bladder cancer? Bladder cancer is not among the most common cancers in men and women, so regular screening is generally not done unless symptoms appear. The easiest and gold standard method to detect bladder cancer is an office-based cystoscopy, where a thin, flexible tube with a camera is inserted through the urethra to directly view the bladder lining. If bladder cancer is suspected, your doctor may: Perform a physical examination Order tests such as urinalysis to detect blood or abnormal cells Recommend a biopsy to confirm malignancy Use ultrasound or CT scan to visualize tumors or abnormalities inside the bladder If you notice painless blood in urine or experience unusual urinary symptoms, it’s important to consult your doctor promptly. Early detection improves treatment outcomes. Causes and Risk Factors of Bladder Cancer There is no proven genetic inheritance linked to bladder cancer. Common causes and risk factors include: Smoking – the most significant risk factor Alcohol consumption Exposure to industrial chemicals like vinyl chloride Chronic bladder infections (especially from long-term Foley’s catheter use) Parasitic infections like Schistosoma haematobium (linked to squamous cell carcinoma) Other factors include: Age – more common in older adults Gender – men are more frequently affected than women Occupational exposure – working in industries involving dyes, rubber, or leather Treatment for Bladder Cancer Treatment depends on the stage and type of cancer. Options may include: Surgery – to remove tumors or even the entire bladder in advanced cases Chemotherapy Radiation therapy Immunotherapy – in certain cases Final Thoughts Bladder cancer is a serious but treatable condition if detected early. If you experience painless blood in the urine or any persistent urinary symptoms, do not ignore them. Timely diagnosis through cystoscopy and other tests can help start the right treatment plan. Always consult a medical professional for guidance and never hesitate to get checked if something feels off. Leave a Reply Cancel Reply Logged in as Dr Vijay Jagdish Jagad. Edit your profile. Log out? Required fields are marked * Message* You May Also Like Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery: A Minimally Invasive Breakthrough in Oncologic Care Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery: A Minimally Invasive Breakthrough in Oncologic Care • April 24, 2025 • Blog Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery: A Minimally Invasive Breakthrough in Oncologic Care Green Adventure Her extensive perceived … Early signs of thyroid cancer Early signs of thyroid cancer • April 8, 2025 • Blog Early signs of thyroid cancer- by Dr. Vijay Jagad Early signs of thyroid cancer- by … Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis • April 8, 2025 • Blog Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis Updated …

Childhood liver cancer: Types, Symptoms, and Treatments Childhood liver cancer: Types, Symptoms, and Treatments Updated On: 9. May 2025 What is Childhood liver cancer? Childhood liver cancer, a rare but serious condition, involves the formation of cancer cells in the liver’s tissues. To better understand the implications of this disease, it’s essential to first grasp the liver’s role in the body. Specifically, three of the many important functions of the liver are: Firstly, to filter harmful substances from the blood so they can be passed from the body in stools and urine. Secondly, to make bile to help digest fats from food. Thirdly, to store glycogen/sugar, which the body uses for energy. Liver cancer is rare in children and adolescents. Nevertheless, there are different types of childhood liver cancer. There are two main types of childhood liver cancer: Hepatoblastoma Most common type of childhood liver cancer. It usually affects children younger than 3 years of age. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Other less common types of childhood liver cancer include the following: Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver This type of liver cancer usually occurs in children between 5 and 10 years of age. It often spreads all through the liver and/or to the lungs. Infantile choriocarcinoma of the liver This is a very rare tumor that starts in the placenta and spreads to the fetus. Vascular liver tumors: These tumors form in the liver from cells that make blood vessels or lymph vessels. Primary liver cancer can occur in both adults and children as we mentioned earlier. However, treatment for children is different from treatment for adults. Certain diseases and conditions can increase the risk of childhood liver cancer. Risk factors for hepatoblastoma include the following syndromes or conditions: Aicardi syndrome. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Hemihyperplasia. Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Glycogen storage disease. A very low weight at birth. Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome. Certain genetic changes, such as trisomy 18. Children at risk of hepatoblastoma may have tests done to check for cancer before any symptoms appear. Additionally, every 3 months until the child is 4 years old, an abdominal ultrasound exam is done, and the level of alpha-fetoprotein in the blood is checked. Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma include the following syndromes or conditions: Alagille syndrome. Glycogen storage disease. Hepatitis B virus infection that was passed from mother to child at birth. Progressive familial intrahepatic disease. Tyrosinemia. Some patients with tyrosinemia will have a liver transplant to treat this disease before there are signs or symptoms of cancer. Signs and symptoms of childhood liver cancer include a lump or pain in the abdomen, which are common after the tumor gets big. However, other conditions can cause the same signs and symptoms. Therefore, check with your child’s doctor if your child has any of the following: Symptoms of childhood liver cancer A lump in the abdomen that may be painful. Swelling in the abdomen. Weight loss for no known reason. Loss of appetite. Nausea and vomiting. Tests that examine the liver and the blood are used to diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma and determine whether the cancer has spread. These tests will be conducted by your child’s doctor. This will help in both diagnosing and staging the tumor. Stages of Childhood Liver Cancer There are two grouping systems for hepatocellular carcinoma Two grouping systems are used for childhood liver cancer to decide whether the tumor can be removed by surgery. In group I, the cancer is found in one section of the liver. Three sections of the liver that are next to each other do not have cancer in them. In group II, cancer is found in one or two sections of the liver. Two sections of the liver that are next to each other do not have cancer in them. In group III, one of the following is true: Cancer is found in three sections of the liver and one section does not have cancer. Cancer is found in two sections of the liver and two sections that are not next to each other do not have cancer in them. In group IV, cancer is found in all four sections of the liver. Treatment Option Overview There are different types of treatment for patients with childhood liver cancer. Children with hepatocellular carcinoma should have their treatment planned by a team of healthcare providers who are experts in treating this rare childhood cancer. Six types of standard treatment are used: Surgery Watchful waiting Chemotherapy Radiation therapy Ablation therapy Antiviral treatment New types of treatment are being tested in clinical trials. Targeted therapy Leave a Reply Cancel Reply Logged in as Dr Vijay Jagdish Jagad. Edit your profile. Log out? 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Lung Cancer & Immunotherapy: Changing the Outlook for Patients Lung Cancer & Immunotherapy: Changing the Outlook for Patients Updated On: 6. May 2025 Understanding Lung Cancer Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide, affecting over 2.1 million people and accounting for nearly 1.7 million deaths annually. It remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among both men and women. There are two primary types of lung cancer: Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) – 10–15% of cases Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) – 85–90% of cases Within NSCLC, there are several subtypes: Adenocarcinoma – Arises from mucus-producing cells (approx. 40% of lung cancers) Squamous Cell Carcinoma – Originates from the flat cells lining the airways (25–30%) Large Cell Carcinoma – Develops from the outer epithelial lining of the lungs (10–15%) Mesothelioma – A rare cancer of the tissue lining the lungs (often linked to asbestos exposure) The Challenge of Late Diagnosis Unfortunately, many lung cancer cases are diagnosed at advanced stages (Stage 3B or 4). At this point, traditional treatments like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation offer limited success, often aiming to relieve symptoms rather than cure. How Immunotherapy is Changing the Game Immunotherapy, also known as biologic therapy, is transforming lung cancer treatment—especially in advanced cases. Unlike chemotherapy, which directly targets cancer cells, immunotherapy works by activating the body’s own immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells. Key benefits of immunotherapy include: Improved Quality of Life (QOL) Increased Survival Rates Better Tolerance Compared to Chemotherapy Lung Cancer Treatment Evolution Previously, treatment options were limited to: Surgery Chemotherapy Radiation Therapy These provided partial symptom relief and modest improvements in survival for advanced cases. But today, immunotherapy—especially as a first-line treatment or in combination with conventional methods—is significantly improving outcomes. Conclusion: A New Era of Hope At Max Hospital, Bathinda, specialists like Dr. Vijay Jagad follow the latest advancements in lung cancer treatment, including immunotherapy protocols that are customized to each patient. If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with lung cancer, don’t lose hope. Talk to your oncologist about the latest in immune-based treatment strategies. With early intervention and advanced therapies, the future for lung cancer patients is looking brighter. Leave a Reply Cancel Reply Logged in as Dr Vijay Jagdish Jagad. Edit your profile. Log out? Required fields are marked * Message* You May Also Like Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery: A Minimally Invasive Breakthrough in Oncologic Care Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery: A Minimally Invasive Breakthrough in Oncologic Care • April 24, 2025 • Blog Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery: A Minimally Invasive Breakthrough in Oncologic Care Green Adventure Her extensive perceived … Early signs of thyroid cancer Early signs of thyroid cancer • April 8, 2025 • Blog Early signs of thyroid cancer- by Dr. Vijay Jagad Early signs of thyroid cancer- by … Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis • April 8, 2025 • Blog Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis Updated …

Symptoms of Prostate Cancer – A Guide by Dr. Vijay Jagad (Max Hospital, Bathinda) Symptoms of Prostate Cancer – A Guide by Dr. Vijay Jagad (Max Hospital, Bathinda) Updated On: 6. May 2025 Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men, particularly over the age of 50. It develops in the prostate gland, a walnut-sized gland located just below the bladder, responsible for producing seminal fluid. At Max Hospital, Bathinda, Dr. Vijay Jagad emphasizes the importance of early awareness and regular screening for prostate cancer—especially since it can develop silently over many years without noticeable symptoms. What is the Prostate? The prostate is part of the male reproductive system. It surrounds the urethra (the tube that carries urine out of the body) and plays a key role in producing fluid for semen. As men age, the prostate can enlarge, sometimes leading to urinary problems—but not all prostate issues are cancer. Early-Stage Prostate Cancer Symptoms In many cases, early-stage prostate cancer does not cause any symptoms. That’s why routine screening (like PSA blood tests) is vital for early detection. The best way to detect prostate cancer includes: Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) – A physician may feel a hard nodule or irregularity in the prostate, which can be further investigated with a biopsy. Serum PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) – PSA levels are often elevated in prostate cancer. A PSA level above 4 ng/ml may warrant further evaluation. Common Symptoms of Prostate Cancer As prostate cancer grows or becomes more aggressive, it may cause symptoms, such as: Frequent urination, especially at night Urgency to urinate Difficulty starting or stopping urination Weak or interrupted urine flow Burning or pain during urination Blood in the urine or semen Advanced Prostate Cancer Symptoms If the cancer has spread (metastasized), additional symptoms may include: Lower back pain Pain in the hips, pelvis, or thighs Bone pain or tenderness Unexplained weight loss or fatigue When to See a Doctor If you’re experiencing any of the above symptoms, it’s important not to ignore them. These signs could be caused by other conditions, but they should be evaluated by a specialist. Dr. Vijay Jagad at Max Hospital, Bathinda offers expert consultation and comprehensive diagnostic services to help you stay informed and protected. 📞 To book an appointment or learn more, visit drvijayjagad.com or contact Max Hospital Bathinda today. Leave a Reply Cancel Reply Logged in as Dr Vijay Jagdish Jagad. Edit your profile. Log out? Required fields are marked * Message* You May Also Like Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery: A Minimally Invasive Breakthrough in Oncologic Care Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery: A Minimally Invasive Breakthrough in Oncologic Care • April 24, 2025 • Blog Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery: A Minimally Invasive Breakthrough in Oncologic Care Green Adventure Her extensive perceived … Early signs of thyroid cancer Early signs of thyroid cancer • April 8, 2025 • Blog Early signs of thyroid cancer- by Dr. Vijay Jagad Early signs of thyroid cancer- by … Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis • April 8, 2025 • Blog Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis Updated …

Symptoms of Breast Cancer – Awareness by Dr. Vijay Jagad (Max Hospital, Bathinda) Symptoms of Breast Cancer – Awareness by Dr. Vijay Jagad (Max Hospital, Bathinda) Updated On: 6. May 2025 Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women worldwide. While it can also occur in men, it is much rarer. Early detection plays a critical role in successful treatment, and knowing the symptoms is the first step toward early diagnosis. At Max Hospital, Bathinda, under the expert guidance of Dr. Vijay Jagad, we emphasize the importance of being aware of even the smallest changes in your body. This article highlights the common and less common symptoms of breast cancer to help you take charge of your health. What is Breast Cancer? Breast cancer is a type of cancer that forms in the tissues of the breast. There are two main types of breast cancer: ductal carcinoma and lobular carcinoma. Ductal carcinoma forms in the ducts that carry milk to the nipple, while lobular carcinoma forms in the lobules, which are the milk-producing glands. Breast cancer can also occur in other parts of the breast, such as in the fatty tissue or connective tissue. There are a number of different symptoms that can be associated with breast cancer. The most common symptom is a lump or mass in the breast tissue. This lump may be painless, but it is often accompanied by other symptoms such as a change in the size or shape of the breast, nipple discharge, and changes to the skin on the breast, such as dimpling or redness. Breast cancer may also cause general symptoms such as fatigue, weight loss, and bone pain. If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to see your doctor for a diagnosis. Breast cancer is treated with a variety of methods, including surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. The type of treatment will depend on the stage of cancer and other Common Symptoms of Breast Cancer Every person may experience different symptoms, but some of the most frequent signs include: Lump or thickening in the breast or underarm Change in breast size or shape Nipple discharge, especially if it’s clear or bloody Inverted nipple or sudden nipple changes Skin dimpling or texture resembling an orange peel Redness, peeling, or scaling of nipple or breast skin Pain in the breast or nipple area Swelling without a visible lump Other Symptoms You Shouldn’t Ignore In some cases, breast cancer may also lead to: Persistent fatigue Unexplained weight loss Bone pain, especially in advanced stages Causes of Breast Cancer Early age at menarche (before 9 years) Late age at menopause (after 45 years) No children or delayed childbirth (after the age of 30) Not breastfeeding children Family history of breast or ovarian cancer Previous biopsy done for suspicious breast lesions Screening for Breast Cancer Screening is recommended for women above the age of 40. It is advised to undergo yearly mammograms to detect breast cancer early, even before symptoms appear. When Should You See a Doctor? If you notice any of the above symptoms, don’t wait. Schedule a consultation with Dr. Vijay Jagad at Max Hospital, Bathinda. Early intervention can save lives. Why Choose Dr. Vijay Jagad at Max Hospital, Bathinda? With years of experience and a patient-first approach, Dr. Vijay Jagad offers advanced diagnostic services, compassionate care, and personalized treatment plans for breast cancer patients. 📍 Visit: Max Hospital, Bathinda📞 Call: +91 89688 50803🌐 Website: drvijayjagad.com Leave a Reply Cancel Reply Logged in as Dr Vijay Jagdish Jagad. Edit your profile. Log out? Required fields are marked * Message* You May Also Like Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery: A Minimally Invasive Breakthrough in Oncologic Care Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery: A Minimally Invasive Breakthrough in Oncologic Care • April 24, 2025 • Blog Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery: A Minimally Invasive Breakthrough in Oncologic Care Green Adventure Her extensive perceived … Early signs of thyroid cancer Early signs of thyroid cancer • April 8, 2025 • Blog Early signs of thyroid cancer- by Dr. Vijay Jagad Early signs of thyroid cancer- by … Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis • April 8, 2025 • Blog Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis Updated …

Pancreatic Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment & More Pancreatic Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment & More Updated On: 8. May 2025 Pancreatic cancer, though relatively rare in India, remains a significant health concern. Recent surveys indicate an incidence rate of approximately 0.5–2.4 cases per 100,000 men and 0.2–1.8 cases per 100,000 women. Consequently, early detection is crucial. Therefore, understanding the types, stages, symptoms, and prevention strategies is essential. In this article, we will guide you through recognizing and managing this serious health issue. What is Pancreatic Cancer? Pancreatic cancer is a serious medical condition where the cells in the pancreas—an organ aiding in digestion and blood sugar regulation—begin to grow uncontrollably. Consequently, detecting it early is challenging, as symptoms often manifest only in advanced stages. Therefore, it’s crucial to be vigilant for signs such as abdominal pain, weight loss, and jaundice. Moreover, seeking medical attention promptly is essential. In addition, regular check-ups and awareness of potential symptoms play a vital role in early detection, which can significantly improve treatment outcomes. Types of Pancreatic Cancer There are 4 types of pancreatic cancer, including: Adenocarcinoma: This is the most common type of pancreatic cancer, developing in the cells that line the pancreatic duct. Detecting it early is tough, and it tends to grow quickly, making timely intervention crucial. Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs): Less common; these tumours can either produce hormones (functional) or not (non-functional). They typically grow at a slower pace than adenocarcinomas. Cystic Lesions: These are fluid-filled sacs in the pancreas, and while most are harmless, some can turn cancerous. Regular check-ups are essential to monitor their development. Acinar Cell Carcinoma: A rare type, starting in the cells responsible for producing digestive enzymes. Its behaviour is different from the more common adenocarcinoma. Stages of Pancreatic Cancer Stage I: At the start, cancer is only in the pancreas. Surgery is often an option for effective removal. Stage II: Cancer may reach nearby tissues but not major blood vessels. Treatment options like surgery are considered effective. Stage III: The cancer has progressed to major blood vessels. A comprehensive approach with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation may be recommended. Stage IV: In this advanced stage, cancer has spread to distant organs. The focus shifts to improving the patient’s quality of life and managing symptoms. Stage IV is considered the end stage of pancreatic cancer.  Symptoms of Pancreatic Cancer Here are the symptoms of pancreatic cancer. Digestive Issues: Changes in bowel habits, such as light-coloured stools or dark urine. Jaundice: Yellowing of the skin and eyes due to bile duct blockage, a sign often observed in pancreatic cancer. Unintended Weight Loss: Losing weight without trying, which may be noticeable. Abdominal Pain: Persistent pain in the abdomen or back, often a common early symptom. Loss of Appetite: A decrease in the desire to eat, potentially leading to weight loss. New-Onset Diabetes: The development of diabetes without a clear explanation. Fatigue: Feeling unusually tired or weak, which can be attributed to the cancer affecting the body. These symptoms, especially when persistent, should prompt consultation with a healthcare professional for further evaluation and diagnosis. Early detection is crucial for effective management of pancreatic cancer. Causes of Pancreatic Cancer Smoking  Family History of pancreatic cancer Chronic Pancreatitis: Long-term inflammation of the pancreas may elevate the risk Age: Pancreatic cancer is more common in older adults Overweight or obesity  Uncontrolled Diabetes Dietary Factors: A diet high in red and processed meats may contribute to pancreatic cancer. Occupational Exposure: Certain occupations, such as those involving chemicals and petroleum, may be associated What are the Complications Associated with Pancreatic Cancer? As pancreatic cancer grows, it can cause complications such as: Spread to Nearby Organs: Pancreatic cancer can spread to neighbouring organs, complicating treatment. Blockage of the Digestive System: Tumours may block ducts, causing digestive issues and affecting nutrient absorption. Jaundice: Yellowing of skin due to bile duct blockage is a common complication. Blood Vessel Involvement: Advanced cases may affect major blood vessels, posing additional challenges for treatment. Diabetes Development: Pancreatic cancer can lead to new-onset diabetes, adding to health complications. Pain and Discomfort: Tumors can cause persistent abdominal pain, impacting the patient’s quality of life. Diagnostic Tests of Pancreatic Cancer Imaging Tests: CT Scan, MRI, Ultrasound: Visualize the pancreas for abnormalities. Blood Tests: CA 19-9, Liver Function: Check for markers indicating pancreatic issues. Biopsy: Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA): Extracts tissue for microscopic examination. Endoscopic Tests: EUS, ERCP: Use endoscopy for detailed pancreas imaging. Laparoscopy: Direct Visualization: A camera examines the pancreas through a small incision. These tests aid in diagnosing pancreatic cancer, guiding for the appropriate treatment approach. If symptoms arise, prompt medical attention ensures timely intervention. Prevention of Pancreatic Cancer Prevention is always better than cure. Here are tips you can follow to prevent pancreatic cancer. Quit Smoking  Maintain a Healthy Weight Eat a Balanced Diet  Limit Alcohol Consumption  Stay Active Manage Diabetes  Know Your Family History Protect Against Occupational Risks Consider Genetic Counseling in cases of a family history of pancreatic cancer Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer Here’s the treatment procedure for pancreatic cancer Diagnosis: The initial step involves a series of tests, such as CT scans and biopsies, to confirm the presence of pancreatic cancer. Surgery: Depending on cancer’s stage, surgical procedures may be performed to remove the pancreatic cancer tumour, either partially or entirely, with the option of removing the whole pancreas. Chemotherapy: Powerful drugs are utilized to eliminate cancer cells. This treatment can be administered before or after surgery to target any remaining cancer cells. Radiation Therapy: High-energy rays are directed at the cancer cells to destroy them. This therapy is often combined with surgery or chemotherapy for a more comprehensive approach. Targeted Therapy: Medications are employed to specifically target molecules involved in cancer growth, minimising harm to healthy cells. Immunotherapy: This treatment enhances the body’s immune system, empowering it to combat cancer cells more effectively. Palliative Care: Focused on alleviating symptoms and enhancing the overall quality of life, especially in the advanced stages of the disease. Clinical Trials: Participation in research studies exploring new treatments, aiming to advance